Composting Problems Solved: A Troubleshooting Guide

Even experienced composters encounter problems. Understanding what's happening in your pile helps ensure successful composting.

Problem 1: Bad Odor

Ammonia Smell

Cause: Too much nitrogen

Solution: Add browns, turn pile

Rotten Egg Smell

Cause: Lack of oxygen

Solution: Turn pile, add bulky browns for air pockets

Problem 2: Pile Won't Heat Up

Possible causes and solutions:

• Pile too small: Minimum 3×3×3 feet
• Too dry: Add water while turning
• Too wet: Add dry browns
• Not enough nitrogen: Add grass clippings or food scraps

Problem 3: Pests

Rodents

• Never add meat, dairy, or cooked foods
• Bury food scraps in center of pile
• Use enclosed bins

Flies

• Always cover food with browns
• Turn regularly
• Add thick layer of browns on top

Problem 4: Slow Decomposition

• Shred materials smaller
• Maintain proper ratio (3:1 browns to greens)
• Turn more frequently
• Ensure proper moisture

Signs of Healthy Compost

• Internal temperature 130-160°F
• Slight earthy smell
• Materials shrinking
• Moisture like wrung-out sponge

Troubleshooting is part of becoming a skilled composter. Each problem you solve teaches you more about the process.